Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost all people at least once in their lives come across one or another of its manifestations. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and location: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the arms and legs, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single and multiple. Choosing an effective cure for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is best to entrust it to a dermatovenereologist.
Types of HPV medications
The drugs used in the treatment of HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antivirals.
- Immunostimulants.
- Means for the destruction of neoplasms.
First you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: it is sometimes difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or condyloma. Then, through PCR analysis, establish the type of virus, as some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Papilloma medications can be used in combination or separately.
Antivirals
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs from this group. They have a harmful effect on the virus, prevent its reproduction and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Pharmaceutical preparations are especially popular, produced in various dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Typically, with one-time trainings, local application may suffice.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the procedure of laser therapy, electrocoagulation and, after, they provide high efficiency of treatment and prevention of relapses.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic drugs against the virus:
- High and potentially high oncological risk HPV infection, confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- primary and secondary immunodeficiency states (when the body cannot handle the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and pills) are contraindicated:
- During the pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medications are available by prescription.
Which antiviral drugs are considered the most effective and able to get rid of papillomas?
Inosine pills
The drug is available in tablets. This is one of the most popular cures for papilloma today. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). It has a complex effect:
- blocks the enzymes of the virus, causing its death;
- activates interferon production;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the formation of inflammatory mediators.
2 tablets a day are prescribed for 2 weeks, if necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment up to a month. Can be used on children over 3 years of age.
During reception, nausea, headaches, exacerbation of gout may occur.
Medications based on meglumine acetate and acridone
The drug is available in two forms: injection and pills. The active ingredient is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is interferon induction.
Effects:
- antiviral;
- immunomodulator;
- anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Glycoside-based media isolated from belladonna stalks
Release form: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, inlayt spray gel for the treatment of the oral cavity, intim spray gel for the treatment of papillomas on the genitals. The active substance is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems.
This is a modern remedy against the virus with a broad spectrum of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulator,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the schedule: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. Ointment and gel are allowed during pregnancy and lactation.
immunostimulants
Multiple papillomas usually indicate a malfunction in the body. Medications in this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Prior to use, consultation with an immunologist and an additional examination (immunogram) is required.
By themselves, immunostimulants cannot get rid of the external manifestations of the human papillomavirus. But with confirmed immunodeficiency, they should be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antifungal agents.
Immunostimulants are prohibited from using:
- During the pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies by prescription. Which of the drugs in this group is the most effective?
Compositions for the destruction of the papilloma
Drugs in this group have a direct medicinal effect on papilloma. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which ones are the most popular among doctors and patients and are able to get rid of HPV-associated skin neoplasms?
freezing drug
The papilloma is affected by a temperature of -57 ° C, which leads to a violation of its blood supply and necrosis. The drug is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription.
The product should not be used on delicate skin areas (face, axillary region, intimate areas) and on mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle with a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicators. In one session, multiple formations can be processed. Exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. The fall of the papilloma occurs in 10-14 days. To remove the formation, 1 to 4 procedures are required.
Methacrisol-based drops
Drops for external use with applicator included. This is a relatively new effective medication for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, leads to the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The drug is applied to the elements very carefully, punctually. If a drop of the solution lands on healthy surrounding tissue, it should be removed immediately with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of several minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
It is impossible to treat papillomas located in the skin folds, interdigital spaces with the drug.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital zone to a medical professional.
Preparation based on a mixture of acids
The form of release is a bottle with solution, a plastic applicator for local application and a glass capillary for treatment of large surfaces.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn of the tissue, which leads to mummification of the papilloma.
The agent is gently applied to the affected area until its color changes. After the effect of this drug on the papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears on its own after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure must be repeated.
treatment results
After using drugs, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papillomas is to get rid of external manifestations, strengthen immunity and achieve the transition from HPV infection to a latent form. Only local impact is possible with unique formations on the body. In other cases, its effectiveness is 25 to 50%.
What conditions are necessary to achieve the best result?
- complete diagnosis;
- combined approach to treatment;
- selection of the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful papillomavirus treatment is seeking timely medical help. There are many medications for papilloma, and a specialist must determine which one is best for a person in each case.